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  Home : Features : Harmful Algal Bloom Facts and Information : Shellfish Poisoning
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Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP)

Most NSP cases in Florida have resulted from illegal shellfish harvesting.

Algal Species (found in the Gulf of Mexico) that Cause NSP
Karenia brevis (synonymous with Gymnodinium breve and Ptychodiscus brevis)

Toxins
Brevetoxins and derivatives

Human Symptoms/Illness
Symptoms appear within hours and disappear within a few days

Factors Affecting Degree of Toxicity
Amount of toxin ingested
Rate of toxin elimination
Health of victim

Diagnosis
Consumption of seafood before onset of sickness

Symptoms
Tingling and numbness of tongue, lips, throat
Muscular aches
Gastrointestinal distress
Dizziness

Seafood Associated with NSP
Clams
Scallops
Mussels
Oysters

NSP Cases in U.S.
Florida
North Carolina
Neurotoxins found in shellfish in Texas (but no reports of human illness)

NSP Cases in the Gulf of Mexico
Yes (most recent cases have been associated with prohibited shellfish harvesting)

Other Features Associated with G. breve blooms
Fish kills
Irritating aerosol from sea spray
Marine mammal die-off and bird kills







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